\(1.\\ \left(a\right)n_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{64}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{50}{100}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{6,1975}{24,79}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{7,437}{24,79}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{NaCl}=0,5.0,5=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \left(b\right)m_{MgO}=0,15.40=6\left(g\right)\\ m_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{6,1975}{24,79}\cdot71=17,75\left(g\right)\\ \left(c\right)V_{hh}=\left(0,15.24,79\right)+\left(0,35.24,79\right)=12,395\left(l\right)\)

\(2,\\ \left(a\right)C_{\%NaCl}=\dfrac{40}{40+160}\cdot100=20\%\\ \left(b\right)C_{\%A}=\dfrac{0,5}{50}\cdot100=1\%\\ 3,\\ \left(a\right)C_{M\left(MgCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,5}{2,5}=0,2M\\ \left(b\right)C_{M\left(BaCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,6:1,2}=0,4M\)

\(4,\\ \left(a\right)Fe+2HCl\xrightarrow[]{}FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2mol\\ V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(g\right)\)

(b) mik nghĩ là tính m kim loại sau pư

\(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{}Cu+H_2O\\ n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,2mol\\ m_{Cu}=64.0,2=12,8\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}=1\left(mol\right)=>m_{H_2}=1.2=2\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{N_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)=>m_{H_2}=0,15.28=4,2\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{CO}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)=>m_{CO}=0,04.28=1,12\left(g\right)\)

a: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V}{22.4}=1\left(mol\right)\)

b: \(n_{N_2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)

\(3.1.\left(a\right)M_P=31\left(g/mol\right);\\ M_{Fe}=56\left(g/mol\right);\\ M_{H_2}=2\left(g/mol\right);\\ M_{O_2}=32\left(g/mol\right)\\ \left(b\right).M_{P_2O_5}=31.2+16.5=142\left(g/mol\right);\\ M_{Fe_3O_4}=56.3+16.4=232\left(g/mol\right);\\ M_{HCl}=1+35,5=36,5\left(g/mol\right);\\ M_{BaO}=137+16=153\left(g/mol\right)\\ c.M_{H_2SO_4}=2+32+16.4=98\left(g/mol\right);\\ M_{ZnCl_2}=65+35,5.2=136\left(g/mol\right);\\ M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=27.2+\left(32+16.4\right).3=342\left(g/mol\right);\\ M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=40+17.2=74\left(g/mol\right)\)

\(3.2\left(a\right).n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2,8}{22,4}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ \left(b\right).n_{CuO}=\dfrac{2}{80}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{3,42}{342}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)

\(3.3\left(a\right).m_{HNO_3}=0,5.63=31,5\left(g\right)\\ m_{MgCl_2}=2.95=190\left(g\right)\\ \left(b\right).m_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}.44=11\left(g\right)\\ m_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}.2=0,1\left(g\right)\)

a.\(m_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}.44=8,8g\)

b.\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2,8}{22,4}=0,125mol\)

c.\(V_{Cl_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6l\)

a) nCo2= V/22,4= 4,48/22,4= 0,2(mol)                                                                   mCo2= n.M= 0,2.44=8.8(g)                                                                       b) nCH4= V/22,4= 2,8/22,4=0,125(mol)                                                           c) VCl2=n.22,4= 0,25.22,4=5,6(l)

\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{32}{64}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{KCl}=0,1.74,5=7,45\left(g\right)\)

a, \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{32}{64}=0,5mol\)

b, \(m_{Cl_2}=\left(\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}\right).71=7,1g\)

c, \(m_{KCl}=0,1.74,5=7,45g\)

b: \(n=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m=M\cdot n=0.1\cdot35.5=3.55\left(g\right)\)

a, khối lượng của 2,5 mol CuO là:
\(m=n.M=2,5.80=200\left(g\right)\)

b, số mol của 4,48 lít khí CO2 (đktc) là:
\(n=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

a.

mCuO=n.M=2,5.(1.64+1.16)= 200 mol

b.nCO₂=V/22,4=4,48:22,4=0,2 mol

a, PT: \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,1975}{24,79}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,25}{2}< \dfrac{0,25}{1}\), ta được O₂ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,25-0,125=0,125\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,125.24,79=3,09875\left(l\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,25.18=4,5\left(g\right)\)

c, PT: \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}.122,5\approx20,42\left(g\right)\)

\(a,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_C=\dfrac{4}{12}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\n_P=\dfrac{62}{31}=2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{42}{56}=0,75\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{3,6}{18}=0,2\left(mọl\right)\\n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{95,48}{44}=2,17\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{14,625}{58,5}=0,25\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(c,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO}=\dfrac{12}{24}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a. \(n_C=\dfrac{4}{12}=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_P=\dfrac{62}{31}=2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{42}{56}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)

b. \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{3.6}{18}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{95.48}{44}=2,17\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{14.625}{58,5}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

c. \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8.96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{CO}=\dfrac{12}{24}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Hỗn hợp sản phẩm gồm: HCl, Cl₂ dư, H₂ dư. Khi cho phản ứng với AgNO₃ chỉ có HCl phản ứng.

HCl + AgNO₃ → AgCl + HNO₃ (2)

0,05                 ← 0,05                (mol)

Từ PTHH (2): n_HCl = n_AgCl = 0,05 (mol)

Từ PTHH (1): n_Cl2pư = n_{H2 pư} = ½ n_HCl = ½. 0,05 = 0,025 (mol)

Vì n_Cl2bđ < n_H2 => Hiệu suất được tính theo Cl₂

Vậy bạn học sinh đã tính đúng hiệu suất phản ứng giữa Cl₂ và H₂.

Chú ý:

3.Tính hiệu suất theo chất phản ứng hết khi H =100%